From b4a5a507d67ac0a88d100a7007d92a4a9bcd5f8a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jacob Kauffmann Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2026 17:02:00 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] thelio-mira-r4-n4: WIP --- src/README.md | 2 +- src/SUMMARY.md | 8 +- src/archive.md | 1 + src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md | 97 +++ .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md | 22 + .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/25-cover.webp | 3 + .../img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp | 3 + .../img/bottom-fan-screws.webp | 3 + .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cmos-battery.webp | 3 + .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cmos-jumper.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-cooler-cables.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-cooler-fans.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-cooler-heatsink.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-cooler-pump.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-holder-raised.webp | 3 + .../img/cpu-locking-lever.webp | 3 + .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-removed.webp | 3 + .../img/front-glass-removal.webp | 3 + .../img/front-glass-screw.webp | 3 + .../img/gpu-brace-adjustment.webp | 3 + .../img/gpu-brace-screws.webp | 3 + 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.../thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/top-screws.webp | 3 + .../img/wireless-card-antennas.webp | 3 + .../img/wireless-card-screw.webp | 3 + .../thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md | 63 ++ src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md | 649 ++++++++++++++++++ 48 files changed, 962 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/25-cover.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/bottom-fan-screws.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cmos-battery.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cmos-jumper.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-cooler-cables.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-cooler-fans.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-cooler-heatsink.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-cooler-pump.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-holder-raised.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-locking-lever.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/cpu-removed.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/front-glass-removal.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/front-glass-screw.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/gpu-brace-adjustment.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/gpu-brace-screws.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/gpu-power.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/internal-left-chassis.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/internal-left-electronics.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/internal-right.webp create mode 100644 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create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/side-panel-right-screws.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/thelio-mira-r4-n4.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/thermal-paste-application.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/thermal-paste-removal.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/top-screws.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/wireless-card-antennas.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/wireless-card-screw.webp create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md create mode 100644 src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md diff --git a/src/README.md b/src/README.md index c90f65e26..de1c2789c 100644 --- a/src/README.md +++ b/src/README.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ The source can be viewed [on GitHub](https://github.com/system76/tech-docs). - [Thelio Major (thelio-major-r5-n3)](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/README.md) - [Thelio Massive (thelio-massive-b1.2)](models/thelio-massive-b1.2/README.md) - [Thelio Mega (thelio-mega-r4-n3)](models/thelio-mega-r4-n3/README.md) -- [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/README.md) +- [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n4)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md) - [Thelio Spark (thelio-spark-r3-n3)](models/thelio-spark-r3-n3/README.md) ## Previous Models diff --git a/src/SUMMARY.md b/src/SUMMARY.md index 60ef826e9..6251ba6b5 100644 --- a/src/SUMMARY.md +++ b/src/SUMMARY.md @@ -89,8 +89,10 @@ - [External Overview](models/thelio-mega-r4-n3/external-overview.md) - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-mega-r4-n3/internal-overview.md) - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-mega-r4-n3/repairs.md) - - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/README.md) - - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/repairs.md) + - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n4)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md) + - [External Overview](models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md) + - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md) + - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md) - [Thelio Spark (thelio-spark-r3-n3)](models/thelio-spark-r3-n3/README.md) - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-spark-r3-n3/repairs.md) - [Previous Models](archive.md) @@ -299,6 +301,8 @@ - [External Overview](models/thelio-mega-r1.0/external-overview.md) - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-mega-r1.0/internal-overview.md) - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-mega-r1.0/repairs.md) + - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/README.md) + - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/repairs.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-b4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/README.md) - [External Overview](models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/external-overview.md) - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/internal-overview.md) diff --git a/src/archive.md b/src/archive.md index 98419eb34..b1f10182d 100644 --- a/src/archive.md +++ b/src/archive.md @@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ The source can be viewed [on GitHub](https://github.com/system76/tech-docs). - [Thelio Major (thelio-major-b1/b2/r1/r2)](models/thelio-major-b1-b2-r1-r2/README.md) - [Thelio Mega (thelio-mega-r1.0)](models/thelio-mega-r1.0/README.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-b4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/README.md) +- [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-r4-n3/README.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r3.0)](models/thelio-mira-r3/README.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-b1.0)](models/thelio-mira-b1.0/README.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r1.0)](models/thelio-mira-r1.0/README.md) diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cb1381c02 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +# Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r4-n4) + +![Thelio Mira](./img/thelio-mira-r4-n4.webp) + +The System76 Thelio Mira is a desktop with the following specifications: + +- Processor options + - Supports AMD Ryzen 9000 series (Granite Ridge) CPUs + - [Ryzen 9 9950X3D](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-9-9950x3d.html) + - [Ryzen 9 9950X](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-9-9950x.html) + - [Ryzen 9 9900X](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-9-9900x.html) + - [Ryzen 7 9800X3D](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-7-9800x3d.html) + - [Ryzen 7 9700X](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-7-9700x.html) + - [Ryzen 5 9600X](https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/9000-series/amd-ryzen-5-9600x.html) +- Motherboard + - [ASRock X870 Pro RS WiFi](https://www.asrock.com/mb/AMD/X870%20Pro%20RS%20WiFi/index.asp#Specification) running System76 Firmware (non-open) + - AMD X870 chipset +- Daughterboard + - [Thelio Io](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io) board running [open-source firmware](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io-firmware) +- Graphics options + - Ships with up to one dedicated GPU + - Primary GPU slot: + - PCIe 5.0 x16 + - Up to 4-slot height + - GPU size: + - Internal clearance: 358mm + - Recommended maximum length: 348mm + - Tested with the following GPUs: + - Integrated Graphics + - 1x HDMI 2.1 + - 2x DisplayPort 1.3 via USB-C + - [NVIDIA GeFroce RTX 5090](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5090/#specs) (requires 1000W PSU) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1b + - [NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5080/#specs) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1b + - [NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5070-family/#specs) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1b + - [NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Ti](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5060-family/#specs) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1b + - [NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5050/#specs) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1b + - [AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT](https://www.amd.com/en/products/graphics/desktops/radeon/9000-series/amd-radeon-rx-9070xt.html) + - 1x HDMI 2.1b + - 3x DisplayPort 2.1a +- Expansion + - 1x PCIe 5.0 x16 (primary GPU slot) + - Up to 4-slot height + - 1x PCIe 4.0 x4 + - Fits physical x16 cards, runs at x4 bandwidth + - Up to 2-slot height + - Disabled if second M.2 drive is installed +- Memory + - Up to 192GB (4x48GB) dual-channel DDR5 DIMMs + - 192GB (4x48GB) and 128GB (4x32GB) configurations run at 3200 MHz + - 96GB (2x48GB) configuration runs at 6400 MHz + - 64GB (2x32GB) and 32GB (1x32GB) configurations run at 5600 MHz + - Motherboard supports up to 256GB (4x64GB) @ 8000+ MHz w/ overclocking (not tested) + - Tested with the following RAM modules (may ship with other tested modules): + - [Team CTCED596G6400HC32ADC01](https://www.teamgroupinc.com/en/product-detail/memory/T-CREATE/expert-u-dimm-ddr5-black/expert-u-dimm-ddr5-black-CTCED596G6400HC32ADC01/) (48GB/stick @ 6400 MHz) + - [G.Skill F5-6400J3239F48GX2-RS5K](https://www.gskill.com/product/165/377/1684287813/F5-6400J3239F48GX2-RS5K) (48GB/stick @ 6400 MHz) + - [Crucial CT32G56C46U5](https://www.crucial.com/memory/ddr5/ct32g56c46u5) (32GB/stick @ 5600 MHz) +- Networking + - 1x 2.5-Gigabit Ethernet ([Realtek RTL8125BG](https://www.realtek.com/Product/Index?id=3962)) + - Wi-Fi 7 + Bluetooth 5.2 (MediaTek MT7927 or MediaTek MT7925) +- Power + - C13 power cord + - 850W minimum PSU + - Some GPU configurations require 1000W PSU + - Tested with the following PSU models (may ship with other tested models): + - [XPG Core Reactor II 1000W (80+ Gold)](https://www.xpg.com/us/xpg/pc-components-core-reactor-ii?tab=spec) + - [XPG Core Reactor II 850W (80+ Gold)](https://www.xpg.com/us/xpg/pc-components-core-reactor-ii?tab=spec) +- Sound + - 3.5mm line out, line in, microphone jacks + - Up to 7.1-channel audio output + - Realtek ALC1220 audio chipset + - HDMI, DisplayPort, USB-C DisplayPort audio (depending on GPU) +- Storage + - 1x M.2 (PCIe NVMe Gen 5) SSD + - 1x M.2 (PCIe NVMe Gen 4) SSD + - If occupied, second PCIe slot is disabled. + - 1x M.2 (PCIe NVMe Gen 3) SSD + - 2x 2.5" SATA III +- USB + - Back ports: + - 2x USB4 Type-C + - 4x USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A + - 6x USB 2.0 Type-A + - Top ports: + - 1x USB 3.2 Gen 2 + - 1x USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A +- Dimensions + - 43.8cm × 24.7cm × 37.2cm diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d11b0ef0f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/external-overview.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Thelio Mira (External Overview) + +## Back: + +![Back Ports](./img/ports-back.webp) + +### WiFi Antenna Orientation: + +- The orientation of the WiFi antennas may vary. Offset them to avoid interference. + +### Power Switch Guide: + +- 1: On +- 0: Off + +## Front/sides: + +![Front & Side Views](./img/ports-front-sides.webp) + +## Top/bottom: + +![Top & Bottom Views](./img/ports-top-bottom.webp) diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/25-cover.webp b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/25-cover.webp new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b8f94d8a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/25-cover.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2975ab06fe948511283023f181776cf4cc8259e253735fb9f88ea34babd1b00f +size 939238 diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b319962ef --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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+1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:87b3e851d5c31d33499dfcad62a039c3f066db0417a094aa161fc52706e5c53d +size 521086 diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f0e4ea803 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/internal-overview.md @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +# Thelio Mira (Internal Overview) + +## Left side: + +### Chassis components: + +![Internal overview (left side - chassis)](./img/internal-left-chassis.webp) + +- Top shell is highlighted in yellow +- Front glass is highlighted in cyan +- GPU brace is highlighted in green +- Internal 3.5" drive cage (optional add-on) is highlighted in red + +### Electronic components: + +![Internal overview (left side - electronics)](./img/internal-left-electronics.webp) + +- CPU cooler pump and heatsink/fans are highlighted in cyan +- RAM slots are highlighted in yellow +- M.2 slots are highlighted in green + - M.2 slots are undearneath the M.2 heatsinks +- GPU (in PCIe 5.0 x16 slot) is highlighted in red + - Wireless card and CMOS battery are underneath the GPU + - PCIe 4.0 x4 slot is between the GPU and the bottom M.2 slots +- Bottom case fans are highlighted in white +- Pogo pin contacts for side panel fans are highlighted in pink + +## Right side: + +![Internal overview (right side)](./img/internal-right.webp) + +- Spare 2.5" drive screws are highlighted in white +- Power button is highlighted in green +- Front I/O board is highlighted in red +- Thelio Io board is highlighted in cyan +- Rear-access 2.5" drive cage is highlighted in orange +- Power supply is highlighted in pink + +## Front side: + +![Internal overview (front side)](./img/internal-front.webp) + +- Power button receptacle cutout is highlighted in cyan +- Thelio Io connector access cutout is highlighted in green + +## Top: + +![Internal overview (top)](./img/internal-top.webp) + +- CPU power connectors are highlighted in red + - Connect to power supply +- Motherboard CPU fan header is highlighted in yellow + - Connects to Thelio Io board +- Motherboard power connector is highlighted in orange +- CPU fan splitter is highlighted in pink + - Connects to CPU fans (via Y cable) and Thelio Io board +- Top I/O board is highlighted in white + - Connects to motherboard +- 2.5" drive screws are highlighted in green +- Power button receptacle is highlighted in cyan + - Connects to Thelio Io board + +See the [repairs page](./repairs.md) for detailed information about installing or replacing components. diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..99620335a --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-r4-n4/repairs.md @@ -0,0 +1,649 @@ +# Thelio Mira (Parts & Repairs) + +Many components in your Thelio Mira can be upgraded or replaced as necessary. This page uses photos of the the R4-N4 revision, which indicates: + +- **R4:** The fourth AMD motherboard used in Thelio Mira. +- **N4:** Based on the fourth revision of the nebula40 chassis. + +Minor case details may vary based on the production date of the unit, but screw counts, general component locations, and other details should remain the same unless otherwise noted. + +Power the machine off, switch off the power supply, and unplug all peripherals before working with any internal components. Then, follow these step-by-step guides for instructions: + +- [Removing the protective plastic](#removing-the-protective-plastic) +- [Removing the side panels](#removing-the-side-panels) +- [Removing the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass) +- [Removing the top shell](#removing-the-top-shell) +- [Replacing the RAM](#replacing-the-ram) +- [Replacing the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu) +- [Replacing the M.2 drives](#replacing-the-m2-drives) +- [Clearing the CMOS](#clearing-the-cmos) +- [Replacing the CMOS battery](#replacing-the-cmos-battery) +- [Replacing the WiFi/Bluetooth card](#replacing-the-wireless-card) +- [Adding/removing 2.5" storage drives](#addingremoving-25-storage-drives) +- [Replacing the power supply](#replacing-the-power-supply) +- [Cleaning the bottom dust filter](#cleaning-the-bottom-dust-filter) +- [Replacing the bottom fans](#replacing-the-bottom-fans) +- [Replacing the CPU cooler/thermal paste and CPU](#replacing-the-cpu-cooler-and-cpu) + +Old ones: + +- [Replacing the Thelio Io board](#replacing-the-thelio-io-board) +- [Replacing the SATA backplane](#replacing-the-sata-backplane) +- [Replacing the top I/O](#replacing-the-top-io) +- [Troubleshooting the power button](#troubleshooting-the-power-button) + +## Removing the protective plastic: + +Thelio Mira's glass front panel comes with a protective plastic sheet on the front. + +**Tools required:** None +**Time estimate:** 30 seconds +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to remove the protective plastic: + +1. Pull the protective plastic off the front of the computer. + +![Protective plastic removal](./img/protective-plastic-removal.webp) + +## Removing the side panels: + +The side panels can be removed to access the internal components. + +- The left side panel (with a mesh window) covers the motherboard, RAM, and PCI Express cards. +- The right side panel (without a window) covers the power supply and 2.5" storage drives. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 2 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to remove the left side panel: + +1. Remove the two back thumbscrews holding the side panel onto the machine. + +![Left side panel screws](./img/side-panel-left-screws.webp) + +2. Starting from the tab at the upper back, pull the side panel off of the machine. + +![Left side panel removal](./img/side-panel-left-removal.webp) + +### Steps to remove the right side panel: + +1. Remove the two back thumbscrews holding the side panel onto the machine. + +![Right side panel screws](./img/side-panel-right-screws.webp) + +2. Starting from the tab at the upper back, pull the side panel off of the machine. + +![Right side panel removal](./img/side-panel-right-removal.webp) + +## Removing the front glass: + +The front glass panel can be removed to access the screws and velcro cutouts underneath. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 4 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to remove the front glass: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left and right side panels](#removing-the-side-panels). +2. Unscrew the bracket screw behind the top left of the front glass (at the top right when looking from the left side). + +![Front glass bracket screw](./img/front-glass-screw.webp) + +3. Pull the front glass off from the cutouts at the top. + +![Front glass removal](./img/front-glass-removal.webp) + +## Removing the top shell: + +The top shell of the chassis can be removed to access the 2.5" drive screws. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 6 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to remove the top: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left and right side panels](#removing-the-side-panels) and [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass). +2. Unscrew the four screws (two on the front, and two on the back) holding the top of the chassis on. + +![Top chassis screws](./img/top-screws.webp) + +3. Pull the top off of the chassis. + +## Replacing the RAM: + +Thelio Mira B4-N4 supports up to 192GB (4x48GB) of DDR5 (non-ECC) RAM. + +- With up to 64GB of RAM, the RAM runs at a speed of 5600 MHz. +- 96GB (2x48GB) of RAM runs at 6400 MHz. +- 128GB and above (with four DIMMs) runs at 3200 MHz. +- Greater RAM amounts and speeds may be possible with aftermarket upgrades and overclocking, but are not tested or guaranteed. + +If you've purchased new RAM, need to replace your RAM, or are reseating your RAM, follow these steps. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 7 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to replace the RAM: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels). +2. To remove an existing RAM stick, flip the top and bottom latches away from the stick, then pull the stick out of the slot. + +![RAM slots](./img/ram-slots.webp) + +3. Make sure the tabs on the top and bottom of the slot are open (pulled away from the slot), then insert the new RAM (or re-seat the existing RAM) into the slot. + - The RAM stick will only fit in one direction. The larger group of pins goes on top. + - Push near the top and bottom of the RAM stick until both tabs click shut. + - Use the following guide for placement of the RAM sticks: + ![RAM slot order](./img/ram-order.webp) +4. Replace the left side panel. + +## Replacing the GPU: + +Thelio Mira ships with a dedicated GPU in the PCIe 5.0 x16 slot (top slot). GPUs greater than three slots tall will obstruct the bottom PCIe slot. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the GPU: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels) and [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass). +2. Remove the four screws (two in the front, and two in the back) holding the GPU brace into the chassis. + +![GPU brace screws](./img/gpu-brace-screws.webp) + +3. Slide the GPU brace out of the chassis. + - Start by pivoting the top edge out of the chassis, then slide the bottom edge inward and upward until it can be removed from the chassis. +4. Unplug any power cables connected to the GPU. + +![GPU power connection](./img/gpu-power.webp) + +3. Partially loosen the two back screws holding the PCIe bracket in place, and slide it into the rightmost position. + +![PCIe bracket screws](./img/pcie-bracket.webp) + +4. While holding the GPU, push back the latch on the motherboard (accessible from above the GPU) to free the PCIe connection, then pull the card out of the slot. + +![PCIe slots & latches](./img/pcie-slots.webp) + +5. Insert the new GPU (or re-seat the existing GPU) into the top PCIe slot. +6. Close the back PCIe bracket. +7. Connect the GPU power cable. +8. If necessary, adjust the position of the GPU brace fingers. + - To adjust the height of the GPU brace fingers, partially loosen each finger's singular screw (highlighted cyan below) from the back, slide the finger to the appropriate height, and re-tighten the screw. + - To adjust the horizontal position of the brace fingers, use the screws at the top and bottom of the brace columns (highlighted red below). + ![GPU brace adjustment](./img/gpu-brace-adjustment.webp) +9. Reinstall the GPU brace, front glass, and left side panel. + +## Replacing the M.2 drives: + +Thelio Mira R4-N4 has three M.2 storage slots. All three slots are M-key and size 2280. + +- Slot 1 supports PCIe NVMe Gen 5. +- Slot 2 supports PCIe NVMe Gen 4. + - If this slot is occupied, the bottom PCIe slot will be disabled. +- Slot 3 supports PCIe NVMe Gen 4 and SATA III. + - If either of the top 2.5" SATA connectors are populated, then this slot will be limited to PCIe NVMe Gen 3 speeds. The top two 2.5" SATA connectors are not used by default in Thelio Mira R4-N4. + +Factory configurations only offer up to two M.2 SSDs (so at least one slot will be vacant by default). + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the M.2 drive: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels), and remove additional parts depending on the slot(s) you're accessing. + - Slot 1: No other components need to be removed. + - Slots 2 and 3: It's recommended (but not physically required) to [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass) and [remove the GPU brace](#replacing-the-gpu) for easier access. + - In the below photos, the GPU brace and GPU have been removed for greater visibility. +2. Remove the M.2 heatsink for the slot(s) you're accessing. + - Slot 1: Slide the circle fastener to the left, pivot the heatsink underneath it slightly away from the motherboard, then fully remove the heatsink. + - Slots 2 and 3: The heatsink screws are held captive, and will not come away from the heatsink when fully unscrewed. + +![M.2 heatsink fasteners](./img/m2-heatsinks.webp) + +3. To remove a drive from a slot, rotate the black circular lever counter-clockwise until it's not covering the drive. The drive will pop up to an angle, and can be removed from the slot. + - Rotating the circular levers may not be necessary, as the drives can also be held in place solely by the heatsinks. + +![M.2 slots](./img/m2-slots.webp) + +4. To install a drive into a slot, insert the connector, then hold the opposite side against the motherboard while rotating the black circular lever clockwise to secure the drive. +5. Reinstall the M.2 heatsink(s). + - If you're using a slot for the first time, peel the protective plastic off of the corresponding thermal tape on the heatsink. + +![M.2 thermal tape](./img/m2-thermal-tape.webp) + +6. Reinstall the GPU, GPU brace, front glass, and left side panel as applicable. + +## Clearing the CMOS: + +The CMOS can be cleared without removing the CMOS battery using a jumper. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to clear the CMOS: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels). +2. Use a conductive piece of metal (such as the screwdriver, if applicable) to bridge the two pins of the `CLRCMOS1` jumper at the bottom of the motherboard for at least three seconds. + +![Clear CMOS jumper](./img/cmos-jumper.webp) + +3. Reinstall the left side panel. + +## Replacing the CMOS battery: + +The CMOS battery supplies power to the system's CMOS chip. UEFI settings and the computer's hardware clock are stored on the CMOS. If your clock is constantly resetting, it's likely your CMOS battery needs to be replaced. Removing the CMOS battery is also an alternative way to force a CMOS reset. + +**Warning (ingestion hazard):** Keep batteries out of reach of children. Death or serious injury can occur if ingested. If a battery is suspected to be swallowed or inserted inside any part of the body, seek immediate medical attention. In the US, you can also call the National Battery Ingestion Hotline for guidance: [+1 (800) 498-8666](tel:18004988666) + +**Part numbers:** +- The CMOS battery is a standard KTS CR2032 battery. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver, plastic flathead screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 20 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the CMOS battery: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels), [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass), and [remove the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu). +2. Insert a small plastic flathead screwdriver (or similar plastic prying tool) into the clip on the right side, pulling the clip away from the battery and prying the battery away from the clip. + +![CMOS battery](./img/cmos-battery.webp) + +3. The CMOS battery will pop out of the slot when cleared of the retaining clip. +4. If you are resetting the CMOS, hold down the power button for 10 seconds to discharge any residual energy in the system. +5. Install the new CMOS battery (or reinstall the existing CMOS battery) starting at the right side of the slot. + - The positive side of the battery (with text) should face outward. +6. Replace the GPU, front glass, and left side panel. + +## Replacing the wireless card: + +Your Thelio Mira’s WiFi and Bluetooth are both handled by the same module. It is a standard M.2 2230 slot with an E-key PCIe interface. + +**Part numbers:** +- Default wireless card (varies based on supply): + - MediaTek `MT7927` + - MediaTek `MT7925` + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** High ● + +### Steps to replace the wireless card: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels), [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass), and [remove the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu). +2. Unscrew the wireless card's screw. + +![Wireless card screw](./img/wireless-card-screw.webp) + +3. Slide the black plastic cover to the left until it detatches from the wireless card. + - It may be necessary to rotate the antenna wires to allow the cover to slide off of the card. +4. Gently unplug the two antenna wires connecting to the wireless card. + +![Wireless card antennas](./img/wireless-card-antennas.webp) + +5. Pull the left end of the wireless card away from the motherboard to free the card from the thermal pad underneath. + - Use caution when pulling on the card, as it takes significant force to break the seal of the thermal pad, but the wireless card and/or its M.2 slot will break if the card raises to more than 30 degrees off the board. +6. Place the new wireless card into the slot at a 30-degree angle, then hold it down to the thermal pad while reinstalling the wireless card screw. +7. Attach the two antennas by aligning the circular fittings and pressing onto the wireless card. The connectors will snap into place. + - Use caution when attaching the connectors; the pins can bend, break, or snap. + +## Adding/removing 2.5" storage drives: + +Thelio Mira B4-N4 supports up to two 2.5" SATA III drives. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 7 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to add/remove 2.5" storage drives: + +1. Unscrew the backplate labeled `2.5" DRIVES`. + +![2.5" drive cover](./img/25-cover.webp) + +3. If you are adding a new drive, pop out the black plastic ring on the top crossbar and slide out four screws (per drive). + +![2.5" drive screws](./img/25-drive-screws.webp) + +4. Insert four screws into each 2.5" storage drive you wish to install. +5. Slide each 2.5" drive into one of the slots leading to the SATA backplane. + +![2.5" drive installation](./img/25-drive-installation.webp) + +![Installed 2.5" drive](./img/25-drive-installed.webp) + +6. Replace the black plastic screw ring and the 2.5" drive bay cover. + +## Replacing the power supply: + +Thelio Mira R4-N4 uses a standard SFX (small form-factor) power supply. + +**Part numbers:** +- 1000W models: + - Thermaltake `PS-STP-1000FNFAPU-1` +- 850W models: + - Cooler Master `MPY-8501-SFHAGV` + - Lian Li `SP850G.B` + - Thermaltake `PS-STP-0850FNFAPU-1` + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 45 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the power supply: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left side panel](#removing-the-side-panels). +2. Unscrew the power supply's four screws from the back of the chassis. + +![Power supply screws](./img/psu-screws.webp) + +3. Unplug all of the modular cabling from the back of the PSU. + +![PSU cabling](./img/psu-cables.webp) + +4. Remove/replace the power supply. + - The replacement PSU should be installed with the fan facing out of the case. + - Place the PSU on the metal stand and hold it against the screwholes in the back of the case while attaching it. +5. Connect the power cables to the new power supply. + - If the new PSU is not the same model as the old one, it's recommended to completely remove the old power cables and replace them with the cables that came with the new PSU. +6. Reinstall the right side panel. + +## Cleaning the bottom dust filter: + +The bottom intake fans are covered by a dust filter, which can be removed for cleaning. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 5 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy ● + +### Steps to clean the bottom dust filter: + +1. Lay the machine down on its right side, with the mesh window facing upwards. + - Use a soft surface (such as a towel) to avoid scratching the chassis. +2. Unscrew the five screws holding the dust filter onto the machine. + +![Bottom dust filter screws](./img/bottom-dust-filter-screws.webp) + +3. Pull the dust filter off of the machine. +4. Clean dust out of the dust filter using compressed air or gentle running water. + - If liquid is used to clean the dust filter, wait until the dust filter has completely dried before reinstalling it. +5. While holding the dust filter onto the bottom of the machine, reinstall its five screws. + - By default, the rockets point towards the front of the machine. + - The mesh should face inward towards the chassis, with the metal frame facing outward. + +## Replacing the bottom fans: + +The two bottom intake fans can be individually replaced. + +?. Follow the steps above to [remove the bottom dust filter](#cleaning-the-bottom-dust-filter). +?. Remove the four screws (per fan) securing the fan to the chassis. + +![Bottom fan screws](./img/bottom-fan-screws.webp) + +## Replacing the CPU cooler and CPU: + +Thelio Mira R4-N4 includes a self-contained liquid cooler to dissipate heat from the CPU to the heatsink, where the CPU cooler's fans expel it from the system. Depending on your climate and the age of the machine, replacing the thermal paste between the CPU and the cooler may help the system run cooler. + +**Part numbers:** +- The CPU cooler is a [](). +- The CPU uses an AMD ____ socket. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver, thermal paste +**Time estimate:** 45 minutes +**Difficulty:** High ● + +### Steps to remove the CPU cooler/thermal paste: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the left and right side panels](#removing-the-side-panels), [remove the front glass](#removing-the-front-glass), and [remove the top shell](#removing-the-top-shell). +2. Unfasten the velcro strip to free the CPU cooler's signal cables from behind the motherboard. + - The braded cable leading to the `FANIN1` port of the Thelio Io board plugs into the motherboard's `CPU_FAN1` header. + - The thinner cable leading to the CPU cooler pump plugs into the motherboard's `CPU_FAN2`/`AIO_PUMP` header. + +![CPU cooler cables](./img/cpu-cooler-cables.webp) + +3. Set the computer on its right side (with the motherboard at the bottom). +3. Unscrew the four screw heads holding the CPU cooler pump onto the CPU (highlighted red below). + - The screw heads will come off of the posts underneath when fully unscrewed. + +![CPU cooler pump screws](./img/cpu-cooler-pump.webp) + +4. Unplug the CPU cooler pump from the `CPU_FAN2`/`AIO_PUMP` header on the motherboard, highlighted cyan above. +5. Unplug the combined CPU cooler fan cable from the fan splitter board next to the motherboard, highlighted green above. +6. Unfasten the velcro strip holding the CPU cooler's liquid tubes to the back of the chassis, highlighted yellow above. +7. While holding the heatsink in place so it doesn't fall, unscrew the eight silver screws holding the heatsink on from the top of the chassis. + +![CPU cooler heatsink screws](./img/cpu-cooler-heatsink.webp) + +8. Remove the CPU cooler from the chassis. +9. Using a paper towel, clean the existing thermal paste off of the cooler and CPU. You may also use a small amount of rubbing alcohol if the old paste is dried or difficult to remove. + +![Thermal paste removal](./img/thermal-paste-removal.webp) + +### Steps to replace the CPU: + +1. Push the locking lever down and outward until it's able to spring away from the motherboard. + - Caution: the locking lever may spring up with significant force when freed. + +![CPU locking lever](./img/cpu-locking-lever.webp) + +2. Flip the CPU holder away from the CPU. + - The CPU holder opens in the opposite direction from the locking lever. + +![CPU holder raised](./img/cpu-holder-raised.webp) + +5. Carefully lift the CPU out of the CPU socket. + - Be careful not to bend any of the gold pins on the CPU socket, and do not touch the gold pads on the CPU. + +![CPU (removed)](./img/cpu-removed.webp) + +6. Gently place the new CPU into the socket. + - The triangle on the CPU should be oriented to match the triangle on the CPU cover, pointing towards the top left of the motherboard. +7. Flip the CPU cover back onto the CPU and push the locking lever down into place. + +### Steps to replace the CPU cooler's fans: + +1. Unscrew the four silver screws (per fan) holding the fan(s) onto the heatsink. + +![CPU cooler fan scrwes](./img/cpu-cooler-fans.webp) + +2. Unplug the daisy-chained cable connecting the two fans. +3. Remove the old fan(s) from the heatsink. +4. Align the new fan(s) and plug the fans into each other. + - The spinning side of the fans should face away from the heatsink. + - With the liquid tubes on the left, the cables should be oriented towards the bottom of the heatsink. + - The cable channels from the center of each fan (behind the fan blades) should point to the same place (the corner at which the fans connect). + - The fan closer to the tubes plugs into the other fan; the fan farther from the tubes plugs into the chassis. +5. Screw in the new fan(s). + +### Steps to install the thermal paste/CPU cooler: + +1. Draw an `X` shape of thermal paste onto the CPU. + +![Thermal paste application](./img/thermal-paste-application.webp) + +2. Place the all-in-one liquid cooler back into the chassis with the tubes running against the rear of the chassis. +3. Place the cooler pump back onto the four posts surrounding the CPU. + - The cooler pump's logo should have the pentagon pointed downwards, and the tubes should come off the right side. +4. Screw in the screw caps over each post. + - Partially install each screw cap first, then fully tighten them in diagonal pairs. +5. While holding the cooler's heatsink in place against the top of the chassis, screw it in from above using its eight silver screws. + - Again, partially install all eight screws first to ensure alignment, then go back and tighten them all. +6. Set the computer upright. +7. Plug the cooler pump into the `CPU_FAN2`/`AIO_PUMP` header at the top right corner of the motherboard. +8. Plug the fan cable into the top header of the fan splitter to the right of the motherboard. +9. Pull the excess cooler pump cable through the cable management cutout above the motherboard, and secure it behind the motherboard along with the braided motherboard fan input cable using the velcro strap. +10. Hold the liquid tubes against the back of the chassis and secure them in place using the velcro strap. +11. Reinstall the top shell, front glass, and both side panels. + +## Replacing the Thelio Io board: + +Named after Jupiter's moon Io, the Thelio Io daughterboard handles the front power button and fan control. If the Thelio Io board becomes defective, it can be replaced using the instructions below. + +**Part numbers:** +- Thelio Mira B4-N3 uses [Thelio Io version 2](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io/tree/92c2a60b6d6acc0f9d51d819cba07ad28e2b03f3) ([PCB revision thelio_io_2.3](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io-hardware/tree/91814370002f762ac01cd1dd99dcbb43336352ab/pcb-thelio-io)). + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** High ● + +### Steps to replace the Thelio Io board: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). + - The [CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct) and [side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) can optionally be removed to provide easier access to the cabling. +2. Use the cutout on the front of the chassis to unplug all cabling from the Thelio Io board. + - The topmost connector requires pulling the white tab while unplugging. + +![Thelio Io cabling cutout](./img/thelio-io-cabling-cutout.webp) + +3. Unscrew the two screws holding the daughterboard on from the right side of the chassis. + +![Thelio Io drive cage screws](./img/thelio-io-screws.webp) + +4. Screw in the new Thelio Io board and reconnect the wiring. + +### Thelio Io wiring guide: + +![Thelio Io wiring guide](./img/thelio-io-board.webp) + +1. When wiring the Thelio Io board, refer to the port labels and the following guide. + - `FANOUT1`/`CPU FAN` - to the top fan splitter (connecting to the [CPU fans](#replacing-the-cpu-fans)). + - `FANOUT4`/`AUX FAN` - to the bottom fan splitter (below the [CPU fan splitter](#replacing-the-cpu-fans)). + - `FANOUT2`/`INTAKE FAN` - to the [bottom case fan](#replacing-the-bottom-case-fan). + - `FANOUT3`/`GPU FAN` - to the [side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) fan splitter. + - May be disconnected by default if no side fan is ordered as factory configuration. + - `FANIN1`/`MOTHERBOARD FAN INPUT` - to the `CPU_FAN` header at the top right of the motherboard, highlighted cyan below. + + ![Motherboard CPU output header](./img/motherboard-fan-header.webp) + - `POWER1`/`POWER INPUT` - to the [power supply](#replacing-the-power-supply). + - The white plastic clip needs to be held away from the connector to unplug this cable from the Thelio Io board. + - `PFP1`/`FRONT PANEL` - to the [power button receptacle](#troubleshooting-the-power-button) on the front panel. + - On the Thelio Io board, the wire color order (from top to bottom) is red, black, blue, black. + - On the power button receptacle, the wire color order (from left to right) is red, black, blue, black. + - `PMB1`/`MOTHERBOARD` - to the first four pins of the `F_PANEL` header at the bottom right of the motherboard, highlighted green below. + - On the Thelio Io board, the wire color order (from top to bottom) is red, black, blue, black. + - On the motherboard, the wire color order (from left to right) is red, black, blue, black. + - `USB` - to the `USB_3_4` header on the bottom edge of the motherboard, highlighted yellow below. + - A small clip needs to be held down to unplug this cable from the Thelio Io board. + - This port can alternatively be connected to the `USB_5_6` header if the `USB_3_4` header is connected to the wireless card. + + ![Motherboard power button & USB headers](./img/motherboard-power-usb.webp) + +## Replacing the SATA backplane: + +The SATA backplane provides two 2.5" SATA data and power connectors for the [2.5" drive cage](#addingremoving-25-storage-drives). + +**Part numbers:** +- The part number and version for the SATA backplane is [thelio-io-sata_2.2](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io-hardware/tree/91814370002f762ac01cd1dd99dcbb43336352ab/pcb-thelio-io-sata). + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the SATA backplane: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case), then [remove the 2.5" drive cage cover and all 2.5" SATA drives](#addingremoving-25-storage-drives). + - The [CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct) can optionally be removed to provide easier access to the cabling. +2. Use the cutouts on the front right corner of the chassis to unplug the 4-pin Berg power connector (highlighted cyan below) and the two SATA data cables (highlighted green below) from the SATA backplane. + +![2.5" drive cage cabling & screws](./img/sata-backplane-cabling.webp) + +3. Unscrew the four screws holding the drive cage onto the chassis (highlighted red above), then remove the drive cage from the chassis. +4. Unscrew the four SATA backplane screws from the drive cage, then push the SATA backplane out through the front of the drive cage. + +![SATA backplane screws](./img/sata-backplane-screws.webp) + +5. Place the new SATA backplane into the drive cage and secure it with the four SATA backplane screws, then reinstall the drive cage (if necessary). +6. Plug the 4-pin Berg power connector and SATA data cables into the SATA backplane. + - The order of the SATA data cables shouldn't matter as long as your operating system and software is configured to address disks by UUID (e.g. `/dev/disk/by-id/...`) instead of by letter (e.g. `/dev/sd_`). + - By default, the `DATA1` port connects to SATA port 4 on the motherboard, and the `DATA0` port connects to SATA port 5. + - Ensure the cables are not plugged into SATA ports 2 and 3 (the bottom two ports), as these ports are unavailbable when the bottom M.2 slot contains a PCIe NVMe SSD. + +![Motherboard SATA ports](./img/motherboard-sata-ports.webp) + +7. Reinstall the CPU shroud (if necessary), any 2.5" drives that were removed, the 2.5" drive cage cover, and the top case. + +## Replacing the top I/O: + +Thelio Mira B4-N3 includes a top I/O module providing audio and USB ports. If the top ports are damanged or become defective, they can be replaced using the steps below. + +**Part numbers:** +- The top I/O module's part number is `MYS7523 Rev. 4.0`. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to replace the top I/O: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct). + - You can optionally [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) for easier access to the wiring. +2. Unplug the `F_AUDIO` header at the bottom-left corner of the motherboard, below the wireless card. + +![Top I/O audio header](./img/top-io-headers-audio.webp) + +3. Unplug the `F_U32` header (highlighted cyan below) and `F_U32C` header (highlighted green below) along the right edge of the motherboard, between the RAM and the 2.5" drive cage. + +![Top I/O USB headers](./img/top-io-headers-usb.webp) + +4. Unscrew the two front screws holding the top I/O board onto the chassis. + +![Top I/O screws](./img/top-io-screws.webp) + +5. Remove the top I/O board from the system. +6. Insert the new top I/O board into the system and screw it into place. +7. Reconnect the audio and USB headers. +8. Replace the side brace (if necessary), CPU shroud, and top case. + +## Troubleshooting the power button: + +If the front power button doesn't power the machine on or doesn't light up when the system is powered on, try the following troubleshooting steps: + +1. Ensure the system powers on normally using the internal power button. +2. Reseat the front power button to ensure it's making proper contact. +3. Check the wiring for the front power button. +4. Replace the front power button, if necessary. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 20 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium ● + +### Steps to power the machine on using the internal power button: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Ensure the system is plugged into power, and the power supply switch is in the 1 (On) position. +3. Push the small button labeled `POWER` on the Thelio Io board. + - The white LED to the left of the button lights up to indicate when the system is powered on (and pulses when the system is suspended). + +![Internal power button](./img/thelio-io-power-button.webp) + +4. If the Thelio Io `POWER` button powers the machine on and the LED lights up, then the issue is either the front power button or its connection to the Thelio Io board. [Check the front power button wiring](#steps-to-check-the-front-power-button-wiring). +5. If the Thelio Io `POWER` button and/or LED does not work, then the issue is either the Thelio Io board or its connection to the motherboard. [Check the wiring between the Thelio Io board and the motherboard](#thelio-io-wiring-guide). + +### Steps to check the front power button wiring: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). + - In the below photo, the [2.5" drive cage](#replacing-the-sata-backplane) has also been removed for greater visibility. +2. On the back of the power button, the four pins should be connected to the four-wire connector as follows: + +![Power button wiring](./img/power-button-wiring.jpg) + +3. On the front power button receptacle, the four-pin connector should have the red wire on the left and the black wire on the right (when viewed from the back of the computer.) + - If necessary, you can [remove the 2.5" drive cage](#replacing-the-sata-backplane) for easier access to the power button receptacle's connector. + +![Power button receptacle](./img/power-button-receptacle.webp) + +4. The front power button receptacle should plug into the `PFP1` port on the Thelio Io board, with the red wire on the top (see the [Thelio Io wiring guide](#thelio-io-wiring-guide).) + +### Steps to replace the power button: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Follow the instructions in the [Replace the Thelio Power Button](https://support.system76.com/articles/thelio-power-button/) support article.